Vt. Bar Admission Rule 16

(a) Character and Fitness Requirement. All Applicants must establish their good moral

character and fitness to the satisfaction of the Committee to be admitted to the Bar.

(b) Definition. “Good moral character and fitness” means that the person’s prior conduct

reasonably demonstrates that the person presently meets the essential eligibility requirements for

the practice of law and otherwise does not likely pose a risk to clients, the legal system, or the

administration of justice. Health conditions are relevant only so far as they reasonably demonstrate

a present lack of character or fitness.

(c) Essential Eligibility Requirements. To be eligible to be admitted to the Vermont bar,

Applicants must reasonably demonstrate that they will:

(1) Be able to reason, analyze, and recall complex factual information and integrate such

information with complex legal theories;

(2) Conduct themselves with a high degree of honesty, integrity, and trustworthiness in

all professional relationships and with respect to all legal and financial obligations;

(3) Conduct themselves with respect for and in accordance with the law, including the

Vermont Rules of Professional Conduct;

(4) Conduct themselves professionally and in a manner that engenders respect for the

law and the profession.

(5) Exercise good judgment on behalf of clients and in conducting one’s professional

business;

(6) Communicate with clients, attorneys, courts, and others with a high degree of

organization and clarity;

(7) Conduct themselves diligently and reliably in fulfilling all obligations to clients,

attorneys, courts, and others; and

(8) Comply with deadlines and time constraints.

(d) Duties of Applicant.

(1) Burden of Proof. The Applicant bears the burden of proof of establishing good moral

character and fitness.

(2) Consent and Waiver. Applicants must consent to an investigation of their moral

character and fitness and must provide all necessary waivers of confidentiality and liability to

facilitate the investigation.

(3) References. The Applicant must provide as references the names and addresses of

three persons not related to the Applicant by blood, marriage, or civil union. In addition, an

Applicant who, at the time of application for admission, has practiced law in another U.S.

jurisdiction for at least one year must provide as further references the names and addresses

of two attorneys admitted to practice in that jurisdiction.

(e) Investigation and Report.

(1) Duty of Committee. The Committee must investigate each applicant to determine

whether the applicant presently possesses good moral character and fitness.

(2) Appointment of Member. The Committee assigns a single Member to conduct the

investigation of an Applicant’s moral character and fitness.

(3) Decision and Report. After concluding the investigation, the Member must decide

whether to certify the Applicant’s good moral character and fitness. The Member must report

the decision in writing.

(A) If the Member certifies the Applicant’s good moral character and fitness, the

Committee need not conduct further review and the Committee will recommend to the

Court the Applicant’s admission, provided the Applicant has satisfied all other admission

requirements.

(B) If the Member does not certify the Applicant’s good moral character and fitness,

the Member must state the reasons therefore in a report to the Committee and the

Committee will convene a hearing on the Applicant’s application for admission.

Board’s Notes—2021 Amendment

New Rule 16 adopts essential eligibility requirements that

affirmatively state the abilities needed to become a licensed lawyer.

These requirements provide a clear framework to guide applicants and

the Character and Fitness Committee in the determination of whether

an applicant has the requisite moral character and fitness to practice

law in the state. Further, the American Bar Association has

recommended that states adopt essential eligibility requirements to

promote lawyer well-being by providing clear eligibility guidelines for

lawyers with mental or physical impairments.

The definition of character and fitness in new Rule 16(b) includes a

provision making it clear that health conditions, including substance-use

disorders or mental-health impairments, are relevant only so far as they

impact the applicant’s present ability to meet the essential eligibility

requirements.

Other than the new provisions noted above, the substance of the

rule remains unchanged, although somewhat reorganized to

incorporate the new provisions.

This rule is derived from portions of the prior rule § 11. Minor

changes from prior rule § 11 reflect the Committee’s current

practice.