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VA · jury_instructions

Va. Model Jury Instr. Crim. No. 9.300

Inference of Intent—Notice to Maker

activein force · 2025-10-01 – presentcompiled-edition

If the holder of a [check; draft; order for payment of money] sends a notice that such [check; draft;

order for payment of money] has not been paid to the maker of a [check; draft; order for payment of

money] by certified or registered mail:

(1) to his last known address, evidenced by return receipt, and the holder is not paid within five

days of receipt of such notice, or

(2) to the [written; printed] address shown on the face of the [check; draft; order for payment of

money], with or without return receipt requested, and the holder is not paid within five days of the

sending of such notice,

you may, but are not required, to infer that the maker had the intent to defraud or had

knowledge of insufficient [funds in; credit with] the [bank; banking institution; trust company;

depository].

The notation [“not sufficient funds”; “uncollected funds”; “account closed”; “no account in this

name;” “NSF”] or words of similar import attached to or stamped on a check which is returned by

the bank is evidence that such notation is true.

History

Virginia Model Jury Instructions – Criminal, Release 26, October 2025. The unannotated set, posted by the Supreme Court of Virginia at vacourts.gov; the book states that it is made available with the permission of the publisher, Matthew Bender & Company, Inc.

Provenance

Source
vacourts.gov
Retrieved
2026-10-11
Edition
crim-2025-10-01
Content hash
5c1a5466fc915d5a9678aaa7db78bbd1f37373f8327726e0b7f489c88a862f01
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