VA · jury_instructions
Va. Model Jury Instr. Crim. No. 3.150
Principal in the Second Degree—Presence Defined
A person is considered present at the scene of the crime if he was in a place to [incite,
encourage, advise or assist] in the commission of the crime.
Presence may be actual or constructive. There is constructive presence when several persons
set out on a common unlawful purpose and each takes the part assigned to him for the success of
the common enterprise.
History
Virginia Model Jury Instructions – Criminal, Release 26, October 2025. The unannotated set, posted by the Supreme Court of Virginia at vacourts.gov; the book states that it is made available with the permission of the publisher, Matthew Bender & Company, Inc.
Provenance
- Source
- vacourts.gov
- Retrieved
- 2026-10-11
- Edition
- crim-2025-10-01
- Content hash
c9b648b5b62e188f3810228cfc6f080839cc93001ace61df8ffa9ba1d0dfe472
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