VA · jury_instructions
Va. Model Jury Instr. Crim. No. 26.400
Filing False Lien or Encumbrance Against Another
The defendant is charged with the crime of filing a false [lien; encumbrance] against another.
The Commonwealth must prove beyond a reasonable doubt each of the following elements of the
crime:
(1) That the defendant maliciously filed a [lien; encumbrance] in a public record against the [real;
personal] property of another; and
(2) That the defendant knew that such [lien; encumbrance] was false.
If you find from the evidence that the Commonwealth has proved beyond a reasonable doubt
each of the above elements of the crime as charged, you shall find the defendant guilty, [but you
shall not fix the punishment until your verdict has been returned and further evidence has been
heard by you].
If you find that the Commonwealth has failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt either or
both of the elements of the crime, then you shall find the defendant not guilty.
History
Virginia Model Jury Instructions – Criminal, Release 26, October 2025. The unannotated set, posted by the Supreme Court of Virginia at vacourts.gov; the book states that it is made available with the permission of the publisher, Matthew Bender & Company, Inc.
Provenance
- Source
- vacourts.gov
- Retrieved
- 2026-10-11
- Edition
- crim-2025-10-01
- Content hash
7bba05a7d3c7bc0aeeabdbbb00ad3147a608ee35aa300117352380cf9b329a06
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