VA · jury_instructions
Va. Model Jury Instr. Crim. No. 10.500
Causing Telephone or Other Device to Ring with Intent to Annoy—Emergency
The defendant is charged with the crime of causing a telephone used by emergency services
personnel to ring with intent to annoy. The Commonwealth must prove beyond a reasonable doubt
each of the following elements of that crime:
(1) That the defendant caused a [telephone to ring; other device to signal] which was [owned; leased]
for the purpose of receiving emergency communications by a [public; private] entity providing [fire;
police; emergency medical] service; and
(2) That the defendant did so with intent to annoy, harass, hinder, or delay emergency personnel in
the performance of their duties as such.
If you find from the evidence that the Commonwealth has proved beyond a reasonable doubt
each of the above elements of the crime as charged, then you shall find the defendant guilty [but
you shall not fix the punishment until your verdict has been returned and further evidence has
been heard by you].
If you find that the Commonwealth has failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt any one or
more of the elements of the crime, then you shall find the defendant not guilty.
History
Virginia Model Jury Instructions – Criminal, Release 26, October 2025. The unannotated set, posted by the Supreme Court of Virginia at vacourts.gov; the book states that it is made available with the permission of the publisher, Matthew Bender & Company, Inc.
Provenance
- Source
- vacourts.gov
- Retrieved
- 2026-10-11
- Edition
- crim-2025-10-01
- Content hash
f2361edf945710765ea6ae5f01b1e4229b40bff7411f080978c3da6857db696a
The link goes to the issuing authority’s own document — the one we read to produce this record. Where a source publishes whole titles rather than sections, your browser may need a moment to jump to the provision.
Unofficial copy of government-published law, reproduced from official sources with full provenance. Not an official publication; verify against official sources before relying on it in a filing. Records in the 'guidance' corpus, and only that corpus, are sub-regulatory (interpretive guidelines, survey procedures) and are not binding law. Validity bounds follow each jurisdiction's declared temporalBasis.