VA · jury_instructions
Va. Model Jury Instr. Civ. No. 13.000
Passenger’s Duty to Warn Driver
A passenger in a vehicle does not have a duty to be as observant as the driver. However, a
passenger does have a duty to warn the driver of a danger if:
(1) the passenger observes the danger; and
(2) it is apparent to the passenger that the driver has not seen the danger; and
(3) the passenger has enough time to warn the driver of the danger; and
(4) the passenger is so situated that he can readily warn the driver of the danger.
If all of these circumstances exist, and if a passenger fails to perform this duty, then he is
negligent. If any one or more of the circumstances do not exist, then the passenger is not
negligent.
History
Virginia Model Jury Instructions – Civil, Release 26, April 2026. The unannotated set, posted by the Supreme Court of Virginia at vacourts.gov; the book states that it is made available with the permission of the publisher, Matthew Bender & Company, Inc.
Provenance
- Source
- vacourts.gov
- Retrieved
- 2026-10-11
- Edition
- civ-2026-04-01
- Content hash
aa031a63e09c171edb7051d39c1d617ae9486728c45f9f612c502820ff75ce77
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