Fed. R. App. P. 43

(a) Death of a Party.

(1) After Notice of Appeal Is Filed. If a party dies after a notice of appeal has been filed or while a proceeding is pending

in the court of appeals, the decedent’s personal representative

may be substituted as a party on motion filed with the circuit

clerk by the representative or by any party. A party’s motion

47 Rule 44 FEDERAL RULES OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE

must be served on the representative in accordance with Rule

25. If the decedent has no representative, any party may suggest the death on the record, and the court of appeals may

then direct appropriate proceedings.

(2) Before Notice of Appeal Is Filed—Potential Appellant. If a

party entitled to appeal dies before filing a notice of appeal,

the decedent’s personal representative—or, if there is no personal representative, the decedent’s attorney of record—may

file a notice of appeal within the time prescribed by these

rules. After the notice of appeal is filed, substitution must be

in accordance with Rule 43(a)(1).

(3) Before Notice of Appeal Is Filed—Potential Appellee. If a

party against whom an appeal may be taken dies after entry

of a judgment or order in the district court, but before a notice of appeal is filed, an appellant may proceed as if the death

had not occurred. After the notice of appeal is filed, substitution must be in accordance with Rule 43(a)(1).

(b) Substitution for a Reason Other Than Death. If a party needs

to be substituted for any reason other than death, the procedure

prescribed in Rule 43(a) applies.

(c) Public Officer: Identification; Substitution.

(1) Identification of Party. A public officer who is a party to

an appeal or other proceeding in an official capacity may be

described as a party by the public officer’s official title rather

than by name. But the court may require the public officer’s

name to be added.

(2) Automatic Substitution of Officeholder. When a public officer who is a party to an appeal or other proceeding in an official capacity dies, resigns, or otherwise ceases to hold office,

the action does not abate. The public officer’s successor is

automatically substituted as a party. Proceedings following

the substitution are to be in the name of the substituted

party, but any misnomer that does not affect the substantial

rights of the parties may be disregarded. An order of substitution may be entered at any time, but failure to enter an

order does not affect the substitution.

(As amended Mar. 10, 1986, eff. July 1, 1986; Apr. 24, 1998, eff. Dec.

1, 1998.)