US-CA9 · jury_instructions
9th Cir. Model Jury Instr. (Criminal) 18.17
RICO—Conducting Affairs of Commercial Enterprise or Union (18 U.S.C. § 1962(c))
The defendant is charged in [Count _______ of] the indictment with having [conducted] [participated in the conduct of] the affairs of [specify enterprise or union] through a pattern of racketeering activity in violation of Section 1962(c) of Title 18 of the United States Code. For the defendant to be found guilty of that charge, the government must prove each of the following elements beyond a reasonable doubt:
First, the defendant was employed by or associated with [specify enterprise or union];
Second, the defendant [conducted] [participated, directly or indirectly, in the conduct of] the affairs of [specify enterprise or union] through a pattern of racketeering activity or collection of unlawful debt. To conduct or participate means that the defendant had to be involved in the operation or management of the [specify enterprise or union]; and
Third, [specify enterprise or union] engaged in or its activities in some way affected commerce between one state and [an]other state[s], or between the United States and a foreign country.
Provenance
- Source
- ce9.uscourts.gov
- Retrieved
- 2026-08-20
- Edition
- 2026-08-20
- Content hash
50348227f15f444f30b6a24dd08b8c2ebf00b64bf1d91e481163913919db2962
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