US-CA9 · jury_instructions
9th Cir. Model Jury Instr. (Criminal) 16.3
Manslaughter—Voluntary (18 U.S.C. § 1112)
The defendant is charged in [Count _______ of] the indictment with voluntary manslaughter in violation of Section 1112 of Title 18 of the United States Code. For the defendant to be found guilty of that charge, the government must prove each of the following elements beyond a reasonable doubt:
First, the defendant unlawfully killed [name of victim];
Second, while in a sudden quarrel or heat of passion, caused by adequate provocation:
a) the defendant intentionally killed [name of victim]; or
b) the defendant killed [name of victim] recklessly with extreme disregard for human life; and
Third, the killing occurred at [specify place of federal jurisdiction].
Heat of passion may be provoked by fear, rage, anger, or terror. Provocation, to be adequate, must be such as might arouse a reasonable and ordinary person to kill someone.
Provenance
- Source
- ce9.uscourts.gov
- Retrieved
- 2026-08-20
- Edition
- 2026-08-20
- Content hash
3a1e7027f582e373bdeda78ae3f31c2156bb6ebadf9378f450d830e527699192
The link goes to the issuing authority’s own document — the one we read to produce this record. Where a source publishes whole titles rather than sections, your browser may need a moment to jump to the provision.
Unofficial copy of government-published law, reproduced from official sources with full provenance. Not an official publication; verify against official sources before relying on it in a filing. Records in the 'guidance' corpus, and only that corpus, are sub-regulatory (interpretive guidelines, survey procedures) and are not binding law. Validity bounds follow each jurisdiction's declared temporalBasis.