US-CA9 · jury_instructions
9th Cir. Model Jury Instr. (Criminal) 12.12
Controlled Substance—Employment of Minor to Violate Drug Law (21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1), 861(a)(1))
The defendant is charged in [Count _______ of] the indictment with [hiring] [using] [employing] [persuading] [inducing] [enticing] [coercing] a minor to [specify drug law violation] in violation of Sections 841(a)(1) and 861(a)(1) of Title 21 of the United States Code. For the defendant to be found guilty of that charge, the government must prove each of the following elements beyond a reasonable doubt:
First, the defendant knowingly [[hired] [used] [persuaded] [coerced] [induced] [enticed] [employed]] [name of minor] to [specify drug law violation and controlled substance];
Second, the defendant was at least eighteen years of age; and
Third, [name of minor] was under the age of eighteen years.
The government is not required to prove that the defendant knew the age of [name of minor].
Provenance
- Source
- ce9.uscourts.gov
- Retrieved
- 2026-08-20
- Edition
- 2026-08-20
- Content hash
ff22e69c273dadcc9c5f09b2974ae332ff90bd3b2aec05fff099edbf54e96b82
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