US-CA11 · jury_instructions
11th Cir. Pattern Jury Instr. (Criminal) O35.6
Aiding and Abetting: Using or Carrying a Firearm
18 U.S.C. § 924(c)
A Defendant who a ids and abets the c rime of [using] [carrying] a f irearm
during and in relation to a [violent crime] [drug- trafficking crime] can be found
guilty even if the Defendant did not personally [use] [carry] the firearm. But to be
found guilty on t his basis, the Defendant must have a ctively participated in the
[violent crime] [drug-trafficking crime] with advance knowledge that another
participant would [use] [carry] a f irearm during and in relation to the [violent
crime] [drug-trafficking crime].
Advance knowledge means knowledge at a time when the Defendant chose
to begin or continue the Defendant’s participation in the [violent cr ime] [drug-trafficking crime]. The Defendant chose to continue the Defendant’s participation
if the Defendant learned of the f irearm and continued to participate. But the
Defendant did not choose to continue to participate if the Defendant learned of the
firearm too late for the Defendant to be reasonably able to walk away.
Provenance
- Source
- ca11.uscourts.gov
- Retrieved
- 2026-08-20
- Edition
- criminal-2026-07
- Content hash
808091228c36c1a06e65d51813f4f5f98c5676dcb0c01ff8d4580ae0443d5ba5
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