US-CA11 · jury_instructions
11th Cir. Pattern Jury Instr. (Criminal) O10.1
Freedom of Access to Reproductive Health Services: Intimidation
or Injury of a Person
18 U.S.C. § 248(a)(1)
It’s a Federal crime for anyone to use [force] [a threat of force] [a physical
obstruction] to intentionally [injure] [intimidate] [interfere with] a person
[obtaining] [providing] reproductive-health services.
The Defendant can be found guilty of this crime only if all the following
facts are proved beyond a reasonable doubt:
(1) the Defendant used [force] [a threat of force] [a physical
obstruction] to intentionally [injure] [intimidate] [interfere with]
the person named in the indictment; [and]
(2) the Defendant did so knowingly and because the person was or had
been [providing] [obtaining] reproductive-health services; [and]
[(3) the Defendant's acts resulted in [death] [bodily injury].]
[To “force” a person means to exert or apply physical compulsion or
restraint against the person.]
[To “interfere with” means to restrict a person's freedom of movement.]
[To “intimidate” a person means to place the person in reasonable fear of
bodily harm either to that person or to someone else.]
[To “physically obstruct” means to block the entry to or exit from a facility
that provides reproductive-health services.]
“Reproductive-health services” are medical, surgical, counseling, or referral
services relating to the human reproductive system – including services relating to
pregnancy or the termination of a pregnancy – provided in a hospital, clinic,
physician’s office, or other facility.
[A “bodily injury” means any injury to the body, no matter how temporary.
It includes any cut, abrasion, bruise, burn, or disfigurement; physical pain; illness;
or impairment of the function of a bodily member, organ, or mental faculty.]
Provenance
- Source
- ca11.uscourts.gov
- Retrieved
- 2026-08-20
- Edition
- criminal-2024-04
- Content hash
cc1de55112bee71fa23c8526025fa389e358bc628d34cd0c63ce386ee2935a53
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