CJI2d[NY] Penal Law § 120.04-a (4)

The (specify) count is Aggravated Vehicular Assault.

Under our law, a person is guilty of Aggravated Vehicular Assault when he or she engages in Reckless Driving¹ and commits the crime of Vehicular Assault in the Second Degree² and causes serious physical injury to more than one ³ person.

The following terms used in that definition have a special meaning:

A person ENGAGES IN RECKLESS DRIVING when that person drives or uses any motor vehicle,⁴ in a manner which unreasonably interferes with the free and proper use of a public highway, road, street, or avenue, or unreasonably endangers users of a public highway, road, street, or avenue.⁵

Intoxication, absent more, does not establish reckless driving. One can engage in reckless driving without being intoxicated and, conversely, one can drive while intoxicated without engaging in reckless driving. Evidence of an individual's intoxication and how that condition may have affected his or her ability to perceive and react to risks commonly encountered while operating a motor vehicle on a public highway may be considered in determining whether a person was engaged in reckless driving when that evidence is coupled with evidence of the manner in which the motor vehicle was being operated. ⁶

Under our law a person commits the crime of VEHICULAR ASSAULT IN THE SECOND DEGREE when he or she⁷ operates a motor vehicle ⁸

Select appropriate alternative(s):

while he or she has .08 of one per centum or more by weight of alcohol in his or her blood as shown by chemical

Traffic Law § 134. Instead of separately defining that term, the most common types of “public highway” (road, street, or avenue) have been incorporated directly into the definition of “reckless driving.” Of course, if one of the omitted types of “public highway” is in issue, that type of “public highway” should be added.

analysis of his or her blood, breath, urine or saliva.⁹ while he or she is in an intoxicated condition.¹⁰

while his or her ability to operate such a vehicle is impaired by the use of a drug.¹¹

while his or her ability to operate such motor vehicle is impaired by the combined influence of drugs or of alcohol and any drug or drugs.¹²

and as a result of such intoxication [or impairment by the use of a drug, or impairment by the combined influence of drugs or of alcohol and any drug or drugs], operates such motor vehicle in a manner that causes serious physical injury to another person.

[The term DRUG includes (specify¹³).]

SERIOUS PHYSICAL INJURY means impairment of a person's physical condition which creates a substantial risk of death or which causes death or serious and protracted disfigurement, protracted impairment of health or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily organ.¹⁴

[Note: if a separate instruction to the jury was given for the applicable VTL 1192 offense incorporate it here by reference; otherwise select applicable portions and insert here.]

Under our law, if the People prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant was operating a motor vehicle while unlawfully intoxicated or impaired by the use of alcohol [or impaired by the use of a drug, or impaired by the combined influence of drugs or of alcohol and any drug or drugs], and while doing so caused serious physical injury to another person, then you may, but are not required to, infer that, as a result of such intoxication or impairment, such person operated the motor vehicle in a manner that caused such serious physical injury to another person.¹⁵

In order for you to find the defendant guilty of this crime, the People are required to prove, from all of the evidence in the case, beyond a reasonable doubt, each of the following three elements:

1. That on or about (date), in the county of (County), the defendant, (defendant's name), engaged in reckless driving of a motor vehicle; and

2. That the defendant did so:

Select appropriate alternative(s):

while the defendant had .08 of one per centum or more by weight of alcohol in his/her blood as shown by chemical analysis of his/her blood, breath, urine or saliva.

while the defendant was in an intoxicated condition.

while the defendant's ability to operate such vehicle was impaired by the use of a drug.

while his or her ability to operate such motor vehicle is impaired by the combined influence of drugs or of alcohol and any drug or drugs; [and]

3. That as a result of such intoxication [or impairment by the use of a drug, or impairment by the combined influence of drugs or of alcohol and any drug or drugs], the defendant operated such motor vehicle in a manner that caused serious physical injury to (specify).

If you find the People have proven beyond a reasonable doubt each of those elements, you must find the defendant guilty of this crime.

If you find the People have not proven beyond a reasonable doubt any one or more of those elements, you must find the defendant not guilty of this crime.⁵