N.J. Model Criminal Jury Charge, N.J.S.A. 2C:14-2c(4)

Approved 1/24/05

SEXUAL ASSAULT - DEFENDANT FOUR YEARS

OLDER THAN VICTIM BETWEEN 13 AND 16

(N.J.S.A. 2C:14-2c(4))

Count of the indictment charges the defendant with sexual assault.

[READ COUNT OF INDICTMENT]

That section of our statutes provides in pertinent part:

An actor is guilty of sexual assault if he commits an act of sexual

penetration with another person where the victim is at least thirteen

but less than sixteen years old and the actor is at least four years older

than the victim.

In order to convict defendant of this charge , the State must prove the following elements

beyond a reasonable doubt:

1. That the defendant committed an act of sexual penetration with another person.

2. That the defendant acted knowingly.

3. That at the time of the penetration the victim was at least thirteen but less than

sixteen years old.

4. That at the time of the penetration defenda nt was at least four years older than the

victim.

The first element that the State must prove beyond a reasonable doubt is that defendant

committed an act of sexual penetration with (name of victim).

According to the law, [choose appropriate] vaginal intercourse, cunnilingus, fellatio or anal

intercourse between persons or insertion of the hand, finger or object into the anus or vagina, either

by the defendant or by another person upon the defendant’s instruction, constitute(s) “sexual

penetration.” Any amount of insertion, however slight, constitutes penetration; that is, the depth of

insertion is not relevant.

[Choose the appropriate definition(s)]

The definition of “vaginal intercourse” is the penetration of the vagina, or [where

appropriate] of the space between the labia majora or outer lips of the vulva.

1

1 State v. J.A., 337 N.J. Super. 114 (App. Div. 2001). The Appellate Division upheld the charge given

by the trial court in that case which included the following language which can be used if the circumstances of

the specific case are appropriate: “This means that if you find from all of the evidence presented beyond a

reasonable doubt that there was [penile] penetration to the outer area of the vaginal opening, what is

commonly referred to as the vaginal lips, that is sufficient to establish penetration under the law.”

SEXUAL ASSAULT -

DEFENDANT FOUR YEARS OLDER THAN

VICTIM BETWEEN 13 AND 16

(N.J.S.A. 2C:14-2c(4))

The definition of “cunnilingus” is oral contact with the female sex organ.2

The definition of “fellatio” is oral contact with the male sexual organ.3

The definition of “anal intercourse” is penetration of any depth into the anus.4

The second element that the State must prove beyond a reasonable doubt is that defendant

acted knowingly. A person acts knowingly with respect to the nature of his/her conduct or the

attendant circumstances if he/she is aware that the conduct is of that nature or that such

circumstances exist or the person is aware of a high probability of their existence. A person acts

knowingly with respect to a result of the conduct if he/she is aware that it is practically certain that

the conduct will cause a result. “Knowing,” “with knowledge,” or equivalent terms have the same

meaning.

Knowledge is a condition of the mind. It cannot be seen. It can only be determined by

inferences from defendant’s conduct, words or acts. A state of mind is rarely susceptible of direct

proof but must ordinarily be inferred from the facts. Therefore, it is not necessary that the State

produce witnesses to testify that an accused said that he/she had a certain state of mind when he/she

did a particular thing. It is within your power to find that such proof has been furnished beyond a

reasonable doubt by inferences which may arise from the nature of his/her acts and conduct and from

all he/she said and did at the particular tim e and place and from all surrounding circumstances

established by the evidence.

The third element that the State must prove beyond a reasonable doubt is that at the time of

the penetration, (name of victim) was at least 13 years old but le ss than 16 years old. The State

must prove only the age of (name of victim) at the time of the offense beyond a reasonable doubt. It

does not have to prove that defendant knew or reasonably should have known that (name of victim)

was at least 13 but less than 16 years old.

5

The fourth element that the State must prove beyond a reasonable doubt is that at the time of

the penetration, defendant was at least four years older than (name of victim).

2 State v. Fraction, 206 N.J. Super. 532, 535-36 (App. Div. 1985), certif. denied, 104 N.J. 434 (1986).

Penetration is not necessary for this act.

3 State in the Interest of S.M. , 284 N.J. Super . 611, 616-19 (App. Div. 1995). Penetration is not

necessary for this act.

4 State v. Gallagher, 286 N.J. Super. 1, 13 (App. Div. 1995), certif. denied, 146 N.J. 569 (1996).

5 See State v. Perez, 177 N.J. 540, 555 (2003).

SEXUAL ASSAULT -

DEFENDANT FOUR YEARS OLDER THAN

VICTIM BETWEEN 13 AND 16

(N.J.S.A. 2C:14-2c(4))

If you find that the State has proven beyond a reasonable doubt each of these four elements,

then you must find the defendant guilty of the crime of sexual assault. On the other hand, if you find

that the State has failed to prove any of these elements beyond a reasonable doubt, then you must

find the defendant not guilty of sexual assault.

(Continue to lesser included offenses where required.)