ND · rules
N.D. R. App. P. 14
Identity Protection
(a) Form of Confidential References. In all filed documents, at oral argument and in opinions, the following individuals may not be referred to by name but may be referred to by the individual's initials:
(1) the respondent in a mental health proceeding;
(2) the respondent and members of the respondent's family in a conservatorship or guardianship proceeding;
(3) the respondent in a juvenile proceeding;
(4) the child and members of the child's family in a proceeding to terminate parental rights;
(5) a minor child;
(6) a victim or alleged victim of a sexual offense.
(b) Other Privacy Protection. Privacy protections in N.D.R.Ct. 3.4, in the North Dakota Century Code, and the North Dakota Constitution must be complied with in all filed documents. at oral argument and in opinions.
(c) Modification of Electronic Opinions.
(1) Individual Names. On request, if the name of an individual eligible for protection under subdivision (a) appears in the electronic version of a specific appellate opinion, it must be replaced by the individual's initials and the opinion annotated with the words "Modified under N.D.R.App.P. 14."
(2) Birth Dates. On request, if the full birth date of any individual appears in the electronic version of a specific appellate opinion, it may be replaced by the individual's birth year and the opinion annotated with the words "Modified under N.D.R.App.P. 14."
History
Rule 14 was adopted effective March 1, 2008; March 1, 2009; December 15, 2011; March 1, 2019; March 1, 2020. This rule is not intended to create a separate cause of action. Subdivision (a) was amended, effective March 1, 2019, to require identity protection for all filed documents. Paragraph (a)(4) was amended, effective March 1, 2019, to require all references to a child or members of a child's family in appellate material to be by the individual child's initials in termination of parental rights proceedings. As an alternative to using initials, family members may be referred to by descriptive terms such as "father" or "mother" or by terms indicating their role in the appeal such as "appellant." Questions as to whether a person is a member of a family should be resolved in favor of protecting the person's identity. Paragraph (a)(5) was amended, effective March 1, 2009, to require all references to minor children in appellate material to be by the individual child's initials. Subdivision (b) was added, effective March 1, 2019, to reguire identity protection for all documents as provided for in N.D.R.Ct. 3.4, in the North Dakota Century Code, and in the North Dakota Constitution. Paragraph (c)(2) was added, effective December 15, 2011, to allow persons to request removal of a full birth date from an electronic version of an appellate opinion. Sources: Joint Procedure Committee Minutes of September 30, 2011, pages 17-18; April 26-27, 2007, pages 28-29. Statutes Affected: Considered: N.D.C.C. §§ 12.1-34-02, 12.1-35-03, 14-15-16, 14-20-54, 25-03.1-43, 27-20-51.
Provenance
- Source
- www.ndcourts.gov
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-15
- Edition
- 2026-09-15
- Content hash
75ab6331dfa7572df33855e4a35f69f197fa93ae5162e77b881fa3ac93e4c946
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