NC · jury_instructions
N.C.P.I.—Crim. 222.45
TOXIC SUBSTANCES, DUMPING. FELONY.
The defendant has been charged with dumping toxic substances.
For you to find the defendant guilty of this offense, the State must
prove four things beyond a reasonable doubt:
First, that the defendant [deposited] [placed] [dumped]
[discharged] [spilled] [released] [burned] [incinerated] [disposed of] a
substance [into the atmosphere] [in the waters] [on land].
Second, that the substance was [a toxic substances] 1 [radioactive
material]2.
Third, that the [deposit] [placement] [dumping] [discharge] [spill]
[release] [burning] [incineration] [disposal] was not conducted pursuant
to federal or State law, regulation, or permit.3
And Fourth, that the defendant acted knowingly.
If you find from the evidence beyond a reasonable doubt that on or
about the alleged date that the defendant knowingly [deposited] [placed]
[dumped] [discharged] [spilled] [released] [burned] [incinerated]
[disposed of] a substance [into the atmosphere] [in the waters] [on
land], that the substance was [a toxic substance] [radioactive material],
and that the [deposit] [placement] [dumping] [discharge] [spill] [release]
[burning] [incineration] [disposal] was not conducted pursuant to federal
or State law, regulation, or permit, then it would be your duty to return a
verdict of guilty. If you do not so find or have a reasonable doubt as to
one or more of these things, then it would be your duty to return a
verdict of not guilty.
History
N.C.P.I.—Crim. 222.45 (May 2003). N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-284.2. Prepared by the North Carolina Conference of Superior Court Judges' Committee on Pattern Jury Instructions, assisted by the UNC School of Government; published by the School of Government.
Provenance
- Source
- sog.unc.edu
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-24
- Edition
- 2026-09-24
- Content hash
37f3fb317d43a8576cd158b46234e5690b186f1fc308f0a3ca1e075786a198e9
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