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Fla. Prob. R. 5.550

Petition to Determine Incapacity

activein force · 2026-07-16 – presentact-effective-date

(a) Contents. The petition to determine incapacity must be

verified by the petitioner and must state:

(1) the name, age, and present address of the petitioner

and the petitioner’s relationship to the alleged incapacitated person;

(2) the name, age, county of residence, and present

address of the alleged incapacitated person, and specify the primary

language spoken by the alleged incapacitated person, if known;

(3) that the petitioner believes the alleged incapacitated

person to be incapacitated, the facts on which the belief is based,

and the names and addresses of all persons known to the petitioner

who have knowledge of the facts through personal observation;

(4) the name and address of the alleged incapacitated

person’s attending or family physician, if known;

(5) which rights the alleged incapacitated person is

incapable of exercising to the best of the petitioner’s knowledge;

and, if the petitioner has insufficient experience to make that

judgment, the petitioner must so indicate;

(6) whether plenary or limited guardianship is sought

for the alleged incapacitated person;

(7) the names, relationships, and addresses of the next

of kin of the alleged incapacitated person, specifying the year of

birth of any who are minors, to the extent known to the petitioner;

(8) whether there are possible alternatives to

guardianship known to the petitioner, including, but not limited to,

trust agreements, powers of attorney, designations of health care

surrogates, other advance directives, and if the petitioner is seeking

a guardianship, an explanation as to why the alternatives are

insufficient to meet the needs of the alleged incapacitated person;

and

(9) whether the alleged incapacitated person uses

assistance to exercise the person’s rights, including, but not limited

to, supported decisionmaking, and if so, why the assistance is

inappropriate or insufficient to allow the person to independently

exercise the person’s rights.

(b) Notice.

(1) Contents. The notice of filing the petition to

determine incapacity must state:

(A) the time and place of the hearing to inquire

into the capacity of the alleged incapacitated person;

(B) that an attorney has been appointed to

represent the alleged incapacitated person; and

(C) that if the court determines that the alleged

incapacitated person is incapable of exercising any of the rights

enumerated in the petition a guardian may be appointed.

(2) Service on Alleged Incapacitated Person. The notice

and a copy of the petition to determine incapacity must be

personally served by an elisor appointed by the court, who may be

the court-appointed counsel for the alleged incapacitated person.

The elisor must read the notice and petition to the alleged

incapacitated person. A return of service must be filed by the elisor

certifying that the notice and petition have been served on and read

to the alleged incapacitated person. No responsive pleading is

required and no default may be entered for failure to file a

responsive pleading. The allegations of the petition are deemed

denied.

(3) Service on Others. A copy of the petition and the

notice must also be served on counsel for the alleged incapacitated

person, and on all next of kin.

(c) Verified Statement. An interested person may file a

verified statement that states:

(1) that the interested person has a good faith belief

that the alleged incapacitated person’s trust, trust amendment, or

durable power of attorney is invalid; and

(2) facts constituting a reasonable basis for that belief.

(d) Order. When an order determines that a person is

incapable of exercising delegable rights, it must specify whether

there is an alternative to guardianship that will sufficiently address

the problems of the incapacitated person.

(e) Reports.

(1) Filing. Each member of the examining committee

must file the examining committee member’s report with the clerk

of the court within 15 days after appointment.

(2) Service. Within 3 days after receipt of each

examining committee member’s report, the clerk must serve the

report on the petitioner and the attorney for the alleged

incapacitated person by e-mail or United States mail, and, on

service, must file a certificate of service in the incapacity

proceeding. The petitioner and the attorney for the alleged

incapacitated person must be served with all reports at least 10

days before the hearing on the petition, unless the reports are not

complete, in which case the petitioner and attorney for the alleged

incapacitated person may waive the 10-day requirement and

consent to the consideration of the report by the court at the

adjudicatory hearing. If service is not timely effectuated, the

petitioner or the alleged incapacitated person may move for a

continuance of the hearing.

(3) Objections. The petitioner and the alleged

incapacitated person may object to the introduction into evidence of

all or any portion of the examining committee members’ reports by

filing and serving a written objection on the other party no later

than 5 days before the adjudicatory hearing. The objection must

state the basis on which the challenge to admissibility is made. If

an objection is timely filed and served, the court must apply the

rules of evidence in determining the reports’ admissibility. For good

cause shown, the court may extend the time to file and serve the

written objection.

(f) Adjudicatory Hearing. On appointment of the examining

committee, the court must set the date on which the petition will be

heard. The adjudicatory hearing must be conducted within at least

10 days, which time period may be waived, but no more than 30

days after the filing of the last filed report of the examining

committee members, unless good cause is shown.

History

Committee Notes Rule History 1980 Revision: Implements 1979 amendments to section 744.331, Florida Statutes. 1984 Revision: Change in title of rule. Editorial changes and adds a provision for service of petition. Committee notes revised. 1988 Revision: Committee notes revised. Citation form changes in committee notes. 1989 Revision by Ad Hoc Committee: The committee realized that formal notice as defined in rule 5.040(a)(1) requires the recipient of notice to file a responsive pleading within 20 days after the service of the notice. The committee believed that to impose such a requirement on the alleged incapacitated person would contravene the legislative intent of the 1989 revisions to chapter 744, Florida Statutes. The committee observed that the time required for appointment of mandatory appointed counsel might render a responsive pleading within 20 days impossible for the alleged incapacitated person. The committee concluded that, procedurally, notice upon the alleged incapacitated person should occur in the same manner as formal notice in rule 5.040, but the required response under that rule should not be imposed upon the alleged incapacitated person. 1991 Revision: Implements 1989 amendments to sections 744.3201 and 744.331, Florida Statutes, and 1990 technical amendments. 1992 Revision: Citation form changes in committee notes. 2006 Revision: Subdivisions (c) and (d) added to incorporate 2006 amendment to section 744.441 and creation of section 744.462, Florida Statutes. Committee notes revised. 2014 Revision: Amends subdivision (a)(7) to conform with Fla. R. Gen. Prac. & Jud. Admin. 2.425. Committee notes revised. 2016 Revision: Subdivision (a)(8) added to require the disclosure of whether there are possible alternatives to guardianship known to the petitioner. Committee notes revised. 2017 Revision: Adopts new subdivisions (e)(1)–(e)(3) to address statutory changes in sections 744.331(3)(e), (3)(h), and (3)(i), Florida Statutes, regarding filing, service, and objections to examining committee members’ reports. Adopts new subdivision (f) to address statutory changes regarding the timing of the adjudicatory hearing in section 744.331(5)(a), Florida Statutes. Committee notes revised. 2020 Revision (September): Amends subdivision (a)(8) to address the Judicial Management Council Guardianship Workgroup Final Report dated June 15, 2018, Focus Area 1, Recommendation 3, by requiring an explanation if there are less restrictive alternatives to guardianship, but they are not sufficient to meet the needs of the alleged incapacitated person. Committee notes revised. 2020 Revision (December): Statutory references amended. 2024 Revision: Subdivision (b)(2) amended to conform to section 744.331(1), Florida Statutes. Committee notes revised. 2024 Revision: New subdivision (a)(9) adopted to conform to section 744.3201(2)(d), Florida Statutes. Committee notes revised. Statutory References § 709.2104, Fla. Stat. Durable power of attorney. § 709.2109, Fla. Stat. Termination or suspension of power of attorney or agent’s authority. § 744.1012, Fla. Stat. Legislative intent. § 744.104, Fla. Stat. Verification of documents. § 744.3045, Fla. Stat. Preneed guardian. § 744.3115, Fla. Stat. Advance directives for health care. § 744.3201, Fla. Stat. Petition to determine incapacity. § 744.331, Fla. Stat. Procedures to determine incapacity. § 744.3371, Fla. Stat. Notice of petition for appointment of guardian and hearing. § 744.441(1)(k), Fla. Stat. Powers of guardian upon court approval. § 744.462, Fla. Stat. Determination regarding alternatives to guardianship. § 765.102, Fla. Stat. Legislative intent and findings. Rule References Fla. Prob. R. 5.020 Pleadings; verification; motions. Fla. Prob. R. 5.040(a)(3) Notice. Fla. Prob. R. 5.800(a) Application of revised chapter 744 to existing guardianships. Fla. R. Gen. Prac. & Jud. Admin. 2.425 Minimization of the filing of sensitive information.

Provenance

Source
floridabar.org
Retrieved
2026-09-14
Edition
2026-09-14
Content hash
f2d8008d57bed86666fbaa11034a6d2c5287cef1819ba020d0eb6c3b97cd0bb5
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Fla. Prob. R. 5.550 — Petition to Determine Incapacity · binding.law