D.C. Super. Ct. Civ. R. 53

(a) APPOINTMENT.

(1) Definition. The term "master" also refers to the Auditor-Master as established by

D.C. Code § 11-1724 (2012 Repl.) unless otherwise noted.

(2) Scope. Unless a statute provides otherwise, a court may appoint a master only to:

(A) perform duties consented to by the parties;

(B) hold trial proceedings and make or recommend findings of fact on issues to be

decided without a jury if appointment is warranted by:

(i) some exceptional condition; or

(ii) the need to perform an accounting or resolve a difficult computation of

damages; or

(C) address pretrial and posttrial matters that cannot be effectively and timely

addressed by an available judge or magistrate judge.

(3) Disqualification. A master must not have a relationship to the parties, attorneys,

action, or court that would require disqualification of a judge under Rule 63-I, unless the

parties, with the court's approval, consent to the appointment after the master discloses

any potential grounds for disqualification.

(4) Possible Expense or Delay. In appointing a master, the court must consider the

fairness of imposing the likely expenses on the parties and must protect against

unreasonable expense or delay.

(b) ORDER APPOINTING A MASTER.

(1) Notice. Before appointing a master, the court must give the parties notice and an

opportunity to be heard. Any party may suggest candidates for appointment.

(2) Contents. The appointing order must direct the master to proceed with all

reasonable diligence and must state:

(A) the master's duties, including any investigation or enforcement duties, and any

limits on the master's authority under Rule 53(c);

(B) the circumstances, if any, in which the master may communicate ex parte with

the court or a party;

(C) the nature of the materials to be preserved and filed as the record of the

master's activities;

(D) the time limits, method of filing the record, other procedures, and standards for

reviewing the master's orders, findings, and recommendations; and

(E) the basis, terms, and procedure for fixing the master's compensation under Rule

53(g).

(3) Issuing. The court may issue the order only after:

(A) the master files an affidavit disclosing whether there is any ground for

disqualification under Rule 63-I; and

(B) if a ground is disclosed, the parties, with the court's approval, waive the

disqualification.

(4) Amending. The order may be amended at any time after notice to the parties and

an opportunity to be heard.

(c) MASTER’S AUTHORITY.

(1) In General. Unless the appointing order directs otherwise, a master may:

(A) regulate all proceedings;

(B) take all appropriate measures to perform the assigned duties fairly and

efficiently; and

(C) if conducting an evidentiary hearing, exercise the appointing court’s power to

compel, take, and record evidence.

(2) Sanctions. The master may by order impose on a party any noncontempt sanction

provided by Rule 37 or 45, and may recommend a contempt sanction against a party

and sanctions against a nonparty.

(d) MASTER’S ORDERS. A master who issues an order must file it and promptly serve

a copy on each party. The clerk must enter the order on the docket.

(e) MASTER’S REPORTS. A master must report to the court as required by the

appointing order. The master must file the report and promptly serve a copy on each

party, unless the court orders otherwise.

(f) ACTION ON THE MASTER’S ORDER, REPORT, OR RECOMMENDATIONS.

(1) Opportunity for a Hearing; Action in General. In acting on a master's order, report,

or recommendations, the court must give the parties notice and an opportunity to be

heard; may receive evidence; and may adopt or affirm, modify, wholly or partly reject or

reverse, or resubmit to the master with instructions.

(2) Time to Object or Move to Adopt or Modify. A party may file objections to—or a

motion to adopt or modify—the master's order, report, or recommendations no later than

21 days after a copy is served, unless the court sets a different time.

(3) Reviewing Factual Findings. The court must decide de novo all objections to

findings of fact made or recommended by a master, unless the parties, with the court’s

approval, stipulate that:

(A) the findings will be reviewed for clear error; or

(B) the findings of a master appointed under Rule 53(a)(2)(A) or (C) will be final.

(4) Reviewing Legal Conclusions. The court must decide de novo all objections to

conclusions of law made or recommended by a master.

(5) Reviewing Procedural Matters. Unless the appointing order establishes a different

standard of review, the court may set aside a master's ruling on a procedural matter

only for an abuse of discretion.

(g) COMPENSATION.

(1) Fixing Compensation. Before or after judgment, the court must fix the master's

compensation on the basis and terms stated in the appointing order, but the court may

set a new basis and terms after giving notice and an opportunity to be heard.

(2) Auditor-Master Costs. The Auditor-Master may not be compensated, but is entitled

to recover costs.

(3) Payment. The compensation must be paid either:

(A) by a party or parties; or

(B) from a fund or subject matter of the action within the court's control.

(4) Allocating Payment. The court must allocate payment among the parties after

considering the nature and amount of the controversy, the parties’ means, and the

extent to which any party is more responsible than other parties for the reference to a

master. An interim allocation may be amended to reflect a decision on the merits.

(h) APPOINTING A MAGISTRATE JUDGE. A magistrate judge is subject to this rule

only when the order referring a matter to the magistrate judge states that the reference

is made under this rule.