Bindinglaw

CA · jury_instructions

CALCRIM No. 3428

Mental Impairment: Defense to Specific Intent or Mental

activein force · 2021-01-01 – presentcompiled-edition

State (Pen. Code, § 28)

Y ou have heard evidence that the defendant may have suffered from a

mental (disease[,]/ [or] defect[,]/ [or] disorder). Y ou may consider this

evidence only for the limited purpose of deciding whether, at the time of

the charged crime, the defendant acted [or failed to act] with the intent

or mental state required for that crime.

The People have the burden of proving beyond a reasonable doubt that

the defendant acted [or failed to act] with the required intent or mental

state, specifically: <insert specific intent or mental state

required, e.g., “malice aforethought,” “the intent to permanently deprive the

owner of his or her property,” or “knowledge that . . .”> . If the People

have not met this burden, you must find the defendant not guilty of

<insert name of alleged offense>.

<Repeat this paragraph for each offense requiring specific intent or a

specific mental state.>

[Do not consider evidence of mental (disease[,]/ [or] defect[,]/ [or]

disorder) when deciding if <insert name of nontarget

offense> was a natural and probable consequence of <insert

name of target offense>.]

New January 2006; Revised March 2017

Provenance

Source
courts.ca.gov
Retrieved
2026-08-20
Edition
calcrim-2021
Content hash
0338e2ab290e27642240bab397f5bb4f0a480d74597aa445e2eb326aa71e11d3
View the official source →

The link goes to the issuing authority’s own document — the one we read to produce this record. Where a source publishes whole titles rather than sections, your browser may need a moment to jump to the provision.

Unofficial copy of government-published law, reproduced from official sources with full provenance. Not an official publication; verify against official sources before relying on it in a filing. Records in the 'guidance' corpus, and only that corpus, are sub-regulatory (interpretive guidelines, survey procedures) and are not binding law. Validity bounds follow each jurisdiction's declared temporalBasis.

Coverage · API docs

Bindinglaw

Point-in-time US law with the receipt attached. Source URL, retrieval time, content hash, and validity dates on every answer.

curl api.binding.law/v1/law/coverage

© 2026 binding.law · a Jubal, Inc. productAttorneys and firms never pay. Ever.