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CA · constitutions

Cal. Const. art. I, § 18

activein force · 2026-09-24 – presentas-observed

Treason against the State consists only in levying war against it, adhering to its enemies, or giving them aid and comfort. A person may not be convicted of treason except on the evidence of two witnesses to the same overt act or by confession in open court.

History

Sec. 18 added Nov. 5, 1974, by Prop. 7. Res.Ch. 90, 1974.

Provenance

Source
leginfo.legislature.ca.gov
Retrieved
2026-09-24
Edition
2026-09-24
Content hash
c5a18ddbaecc444ccd80156a578d5048a3a931772e3f8082136aeb4840fec22b
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Cal. Const. art. I, § 18 · binding.law