AK · rules
Alaska R. Civ. P. 23.1
Derivative Actions By Shareholders
(a) An action may be brought in the right of a domestic
or foreign corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by a
holder of shares of the corporation of voting trust certificates
of the corporation, or of a beneficial interest in shares or
certificates of the corporation.
(b) In a derivative action, the complaint shall be verified
and shall allege that the plaintiff was a shareholder, of record
or beneficially, or the holder of voting trust certificates at the
time or during any part of the transaction of which the plaintiff
complains or that the plaintiff’s shares or voting trust
certificates devolved upon the plaintiff by operation of law
from a holder who was a holder at the time or during any part
of the transaction complained of. A shareholder who does not
meet the requirements of this section may be allowed in the
discretion of the court to maintain the action on a preliminary
showing to and determination by the court, by motion and after
a hearing at which the court considers evidence, by affidavit or
testimony, as it considers material, that
(1) there is a strong prima facie case in favor of the claim
asserted on behalf of the corporation;
(2) no other similar action has been or is likely to be
instituted;
(3) the plaintiff acquired the shares before there was
disclosure to the public or to the plaintiff of the wrongdoing of
which the plaintiff complains;
(4) unless the action can be maintained the defendant
may retain a gain derived from the defendant’s willful breach
of a fiduciary duty; and
(5) the requested relief will not result in unjust
enrichment of the corporation or a shareholder of the
corporation.
(c) Unless excused on grounds that a majority of the
directors is implicated in or under the direct or indirect control
of a person who is implicated in the injury to the corporation,
before an action in the right of a domestic or foreign
corporation is instituted a plaintiff who has standing under (b)
of this section shall make a formal demand upon the board to
secure the action the plaintiff desires.
(d) If a shareholder fails to make a formal demand under
(c) of this section the complaint shall state with particularity
the facts establishing excuse under (c) of this section. In a
motion to dismiss for failure to make demand on the board the
shareholder shall have the burden to establish excuse.
(e) In a case in which demand on the board is made
under (c) of this section, a decision by the board that, in its
business judgment, the litigation would not be in the best
interest of the corporation terminates the right created by (a) of
this section.
(f) In a case in which demand on the board is excused
under (c) of this section or the decision of the board under (e)
of this section is rejected by the court as inconsistent with the
directors’ duties of care and loyalty to the corporation, a
plaintiff who has standing under (b) of this section shall have
the right to commence or continue the action created by (a) of
this section. Notwithstanding (c) or (e) of this section,
disinterested, noninvolved directors acting as the board or a
duly charged board committee may petition the court to
dismiss the plaintiff’s action on grounds that in their
independent, informed business judgment the action is not in
the best interests of the corporation. The petitioners shall have
the burden of establishing to the satisfaction of the court their
disinterest, independence from any direct or indirect control of
defendants in the action, and the informed basis on which they
have exercised their asserted business judgment. If the court is
satisfied that the petitions are disinterested, independent, and
informed it shall then exercise an independent appraisal of the
plaintiff’s action to determine whether, considering the welfare
of the corporation and relevant issues of public policy, it
should dismiss the action.
(g) A shareholder action otherwise in conformity with
this section shall not be dismissed because the alleged injury or
wrong to the corporation has been ratified by the outstanding
shares. A court may consider the fact of ratification in framing
any order for relief to which it considers the corporation
entitled.
(h) In an action instituted or maintained in the right of a
corporation by the holder or holders of record of less than five
percent of the outstanding shares of any class of the
corporation or of voting trust certificates for these shares, the
corporation in whose right the action is brought or the
defendants may at any time before final judgment move the
court to require the plaintiff to give security for the reasonable
expense, including attorney fees, that may be incurred by the
moving party. The amount of the security may be increased or
decreased from time to time in this discretion of the court upon
a showing that the security has become inadequate or
excessive. The corporation or other defendants may have
recourse to the security in an amount as the court may
determine upon the termination of the derivative action,
whether or not the court finds the action was brought without
reasonable cause.
(i) A derivative action may not be discontinued,
abandoned, compromised or settled without the approval of the
court having jurisdiction of the action. If the court determines
that the interests of the shareholders or any class or classes of
shareholders will be substantially affected by a discontinuance,
abandonment, compromise, or settlement, the court in its
discretion may direct that notice, by publication or otherwise,
shall be given to the shareholders or class or classes of
shareholders whose interests will be affected. If the court
directs notice to be given, it shall determine which of the
parties to the action shall bear the expense of giving the notice
in an amount the court determines to be reasonable in the
circumstances. The amount shall be awarded as special costs of
the action.
(j) If the derivative action is successful, in whole or in
part, or if anything is received as a result of the judgment,
compromise, or settlement of that action, the court may award
to the plaintiff or plaintiffs reasonable expenses, including
reasonable attorney fees, and shall direct an accounting to the
corporation for the remainder of the proceeds. This subsection
does not apply to a judgment rendered only for the benefit of
injured shareholders and limited to a recovery of the loss or
damage sustained by them.
History
(Added by SCO 258 effective November 15, 1976; amended by Chief Justice Special Order No. 2052a effective July 1, 1989) Note: Civil Rule 23.1 in its entirety was adopted by the Alaska Legislature in ch. 166, §§ 1, 17, SLA 1988, rather than by the Alaska Supreme Court.
Provenance
- Source
- courts.alaska.gov
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-24
- Edition
- 2026-09-24
- Content hash
f89bd78ee6816264322147754ab2f1826372c30960774f488f2eb7243a9c5fe8
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